# Materials Metals, alloys, powders and targets, from a few grams to full containers, including hard-to-find materials. ## [Refractory metals](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/refractory-metals/) Tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, rhenium and zirconium as sheet, rod, wire, tube, powder and forgings. - [Tungsten](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/refractory-metals/tungsten/): The highest melting point of any metal, the lowest thermal expansion of the refractory metals and high strength at temperature. **Grades we supply**: Pure W, WLa (lanthanated), WCu (tungsten–copper) - [Molybdenum](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/refractory-metals/molybdenum/): High melting point, excellent thermal conductivity and strength at temperature, at about half the density of tungsten. **Grades we supply**: Pure Mo, TZM - [Tantalum](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/refractory-metals/tantalum/): Very ductile, with corrosion resistance close to the precious metals. - [Niobium](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/refractory-metals/niobium/): Soft, ductile and light for a refractory metal, corrosion resistant and superconducting. It forms stable dielectric layers. - [Rhenium](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/refractory-metals/rhenium/): The highest elastic modulus of the refractory metals, 420 GPa, and excellent mechanical properties at high temperature. - [Zirconium](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/refractory-metals/zirconium/): Strong corrosion resistance in critical service. Weldable and formable. - [Tungsten carbide](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/refractory-metals/tungsten-carbide/): An extremely hard ceramic, about four times harder than steel. We make wear parts from it to drawing. ## [Specialty alloys](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/specialty-alloys/) Titanium, nickel and cobalt alloys, copper, aluminium bronzes, stainless steel and aluminium, as bar, plate, tube and forgings. - [Titanium and titanium alloys](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/specialty-alloys/titanium/): High strength and stiffness at low density, with excellent corrosion resistance. Biocompatible and non-magnetic. - [Nickel and nickel alloys](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/specialty-alloys/nickel-alloys/): Pure nickel and nickel alloys for chemical processing, electronics and energy: corrosion resistant, strong at temperature, with useful magnetic and thermal properties. **Grades we supply**: Nickel 200, Nickel 201, Inconel® 600, Inconel® 601, Inconel® 625, Inconel® 718, Incoloy® 800, Incoloy® 825, Hastelloy® C-22, Hastelloy® C-276, Hastelloy® X, Monel® 400, Monel® K-500, Nimonic® 75, Nimonic® 80A, Nimonic® 90, Nimonic® 263, Nilo® 36 (Invar), Nilo® 42, Kovar®, Waspaloy®, Mu-Metal - [Stellite](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/specialty-alloys/stellite/): Cobalt–chromium–tungsten alloys with excellent wear and corrosion resistance. **Grades we supply**: Stellite 6B, Stellite 6K - [Copper and copper alloys](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/specialty-alloys/copper-alloys/): Copper and copper alloys for electronics, energy, telecommunications and architecture. - [Aluminium bronzes](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/specialty-alloys/aluminium-bronzes/): High strength, wear and corrosion resistance and very good sliding properties: the strongest of the copper alloys. - [Stainless steel](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/specialty-alloys/stainless-steel/): Flat and long products, hot and cold rolled, ground and polished: austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, duplex and precipitation-hardening grades. - [Aluminium and aluminium alloys](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/specialty-alloys/aluminium/): Light, at 2.7 g/cm³, and naturally corrosion resistant through its oxide layer. ## [Powders](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/powders/) Nanopowders, powders, spherical powders for 3D printing and granules, in pure, alloy and composite form, including oxides, carbides and nitrides. - **Pure metal nanopowders**: Ag, Cu, Fe, Al, Mo, W, Pt, Mn, Mg, Zn, Au, Co, Ti, Cr, Ni, Sn and graphite. D50 from 2 nm to 90 nm, purity 99.90–99.96%. - **Oxide nanopowders**: Al₂O₃, CeO₂, Cr₂O₃, CuO, Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄, In₂O₃, ITO, MgO, SiO₂, SnO₂, TiO₂, Y₂O₃, ZnO, ZrO₂ and more. Purity 99.5–99.999%. - **Nitrides, carbides and silicides**: AlN, Si₃N₄, TiN, TiC, SiC, ZrC, LaB₆ and others, for tooling, coatings and nuclear applications. - **3D-printing powders**: Spherical, high packing density, low oxygen and carbon. Titanium (Grade 1–5, Ti6Al4V, Ti64 ELI), stainless (316L, 304L, 15-5PH, 17-4PH), nickel (Inconel 718 and 625, Hastelloy X), aluminium (AlSi10Mg, 2024, 6061, 7075) and cobalt-chromium (ASTM F75). ## [Sputtering targets](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/sputtering-targets/) A complete line of sputtering targets, from commercial grade to ultra-pure, made to fit any system or to custom dimensions. - **Pure metal targets**: Al, Sb, Bi, B, Cd, Ce, Cr, Co, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, Gd, Ge, Au, C, Hf, Ho, Ir, In, Fe, La, Pb, Lu, Mn, Mo, Mg, Nd, Nb, Ni, Pd, Pt, Pr, Re, Ru, Sm, Sc, Se, Si, Ag, Ta, Tb, Te, Sn, Tm, Ti, W, V, Yb, Y, Zr, Zn. - **Alloy targets**: AlCu, AlCr, AlMg, AlSi, CoCr, CoCrMo, CoFe, CoFeB, CoNi, CoPt, CrSi, CuGa, CuIn, CuNi, IrMn, MoSi, NiAl, NiCr, NiFe, NiTi, SmCo, TiAl, TiNi, WRe, WTi, ZrAl and custom compositions. - **Ceramic targets**: Borides: CrB₂, HfB₂, LaB₆, TiB₂, ZrB₂. Carbides: B₄C, Cr₃C₂, HfC, SiC, TaC, TiC, WC, ZrC. Nitrides: AlN, BN, GaN, HfN, Si₃N₄, TaN, TiN, ZrN. - **Oxide targets**: Al₂O₃, BaTiO₃, CeO₂, Cr₂O₃, HfO₂, In₂O₃, ITO, Fe₂O₃, MgO, Nd₂O₃, SiO₂, SrTiO₃, Ta₂O₅, TiO₂, SnO₂, WO₃, Y₂O₃, ZnO, ZrO₂ and more. - **Selenides, sulfides, tellurides, fluorides**: Bi₂Se₃, CdSe, ZnSe, MoSe₂, CdS, MoS₂, ZnS, Bi₂Te₃, CdTe, GeTe, PbTe, AlF₃, CaF₂, MgF₂, YF₃ and more. - **Made to order**: AZO, Cr-SiO, CIGS, ITO, IGZO, GaAs, GaP, GaSb, InSb, InAs, InP, LSMO, YBCO, LCMO, YSZ, GeSbTe and others. ## [High purity](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/high-purity/) High-purity metals from 4N (99.99%) to 7N (99.99999%), as ingots, pellets, powders, sputtering targets, rods, wires, sheets and evaporation materials. - **Aluminium (Al)**: 5N, 5N5, 6N. Ingots, pellets, powder, targets, rods, wires, flat bars. - **Arsenic (As)**: 5N, 6N, 7N. Lumps, powder, rods, crystals. - **Antimony (Sb)**: 4N to 7N. Crystals, powder, pellets, targets, granules. - **Bismuth (Bi)**: 4N, 5N, 6N. Ingots, granules, pellets, targets. - **Cadmium (Cd)**: 5N, 6N, 7N. Ingots, pellets, targets, granules. - **Cobalt (Co)**: 4N, 5N. Sheets, ingots, pellets, targets, granules. - **Copper (Cu)**: 5N, 6N. Sheets, ingots, pellets, targets, granules. - **Chromium (Cr)**: 4N, 4N5. Granules, powder. - **Gallium (Ga)**: 5N, 6N, 7N. Liquid, solid, pellets. - **Germanium (Ge)**: 5N. Ingots, powder, targets, granules. - **Gold (Au)**: 5N. Wires, ingots, powder, sheets, pellets, targets. - **Indium (In)**: 5N, 6N, 7N. Ingots, rods, pellets, targets, granules. - **Iron (Fe)**: 4N to 7N. Ingots, pellets, targets. - **Lead (Pb)**: 5N, 6N, 7N. Ingots, rods, pellets, targets. - **Nickel (Ni)**: 4N, 5N. Sheets, ingots, powder, targets. - **Selenium (Se)**: 5N, 6N, 7N. Blocks, powder, targets. - **Silver (Ag)**: 5N. Wires, ingots, powder, sheets, pellets, targets. - **Tellurium (Te)**: 5N, 6N, 7N. Ingots, flakes, powder, sheets, targets. - **Tin (Sn)**: 5N, 6N. Wires, ingots, powder, sheets, targets. - **Zinc (Zn)**: 5N, 6N. Wires, ingots, powder, sheets, targets. ## [Nuclear grade](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/nuclear-grade/) RCC-M and ASME III certified metal semi-products for the nuclear industry. - **Bars, forgings and flanges**: Stainless and alloy steel (316L, 304L, AISI 660, 316LN-IG) to RCC-M M3301, M3304, M3306 and ASME SA-182, SA-479. Forgings and flanges to RCC-M M2301, ASME SA-105, SA-182. Reinforcing steel. - **Sheets and plates**: Structural and stainless steel to RCC-M M140 and ASME SA-240, including X6CrNiTi18-10 and X2CrNiMo17-12-2 for high-temperature, corrosive service. - **Seamless and welded tubes**: To RCC-M M3303 and ASME SA-312, for coolant transfer, pressure installations and heat exchangers. - **Structural profiles**: Angles, channels and I-beams in carbon and stainless steel, open and closed, for reactor load-bearing structures. - **Fasteners**: Bolts, nuts and washers to RCC-M M170 in 316L(N)-IG and 316LN, plus anchors and connectors for foundations and structures. ## [High-entropy alloys](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/high-entropy-alloys/) Multi-principal-element alloys for extreme environments, designed and made for space, fusion and aerospace work. - **Refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEA)**: Alloys based on W, Mo, Ta, Nb, Hf and Zr for thermal and mechanical stability at very high temperature. Developed in the SPARK project, an ESA FIRST! award winner. - **HEA sputtering targets**: Targets in multi-principal-element alloys, for coatings that resist corrosion, wear and high-temperature oxidation. - **Custom HEA parts**: Design, manufacture and characterisation to your specification, from research samples to prototype parts. ## [Resistance welding electrodes](https://bimomaterials.com/materials/welding-electrodes/) Resistance welding electrodes in pure tungsten, WLa, WT and WCu, molybdenum, and electrodes with tungsten or molybdenum inserts. - **Why refractory electrodes**: High electrical conductivity and stability at temperature give a much longer service life than copper or copper-alloy electrodes. - **Materials**: Pure tungsten, WLa, WT, WCu, molybdenum and TZM, solid or as inserts in copper bodies. 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